Justia White Collar Crime Opinion Summaries

McKinney and his brother own a construction business. In 2003, the IRS filed notice of tax liens and pursued collection. McKinney avoided payment by transferring money from the business into accounts used for personal expenses. He made false statements about his ability to pay. He failed to pay taxes during 1999, 2000, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, and 2006. Because of the tax liens, McKinney was unable to obtain a residential mortgage. His wife obtained a loan to purchase a home, falsely stating that she was a full-time manager of the construction business with a gross monthly income of $15,374.23. Her husband signed a false employment verification; he earned the income used to pay the mortgage. His brother and his brother’s wife acted similarly. McKinney entered a plea to charges of conspiracy to defraud, impede, impair, obstruct, and defeat functions of the IRS in collection of income taxes, 18 U.S.C. 371; tax evasion, 26 U.S.C. 7201; and false statements to revenue agents, 26 U.S.C. 1001. He received a two-level enhancement to his base offense level for failing to report income exceeding $10,000 from criminal activity, U.S.S.G. 2T1.1(b)(1), and a two-level enhancement for obstruction of justice, U.S.S.G. 3C1.1. The Seventh Circuit affirmed. View "United States v. McKinney" on Justia Law

A member of the Boston City Council was convicted of attempted extortion under color of official right (Hobbs Act, 18 U.S.C. 1951) and three counts of making a false statement to FBI agents, 18 U.S.C. 1001 for accepting $1,000 in exchange for performing official acts to assist a local businessman in obtaining a liquor license for a supper club. That businessman was cooperating with the FBI. The First Circuit affirmed, rejecting challenges to sufficiency of the evidence and to jury instructions on reciprocity and interstate commerce. The court upheld the 36-month sentence against a contention that the government impermissibly sought vindictively to punish defendant. View "United States v. Turner" on Justia Law

One defendant pled guilty to seven counts of aggravated identity theft, 18 U.S.C 1028 A, and access device fraud, 18 U.S.C. 1029 (a)(2) and the other was convicted of aggravated identity theft and two counts of identity fraud, arising from their participation in a substantial credit card fraud scheme. The First Circuit affirmed, rejecting challenges to the indictment, evidentiary rulings, and the sentences of 81 months and 168 months. View "United States v. Savarese" on Justia Law

Brinley operated an investment company; his investors were friends, neighbors, and family. He told them that the certificates of deposit were FDIC insured and that their principal was not at risk, and promised above-market returns. He used their money to pay returns to other investors, overhead and living expenses. Brinley lied to investors who attempted to withdraw funds. In 2009, unable to continue the scheme, Brinley, accompanied by his attorney confessed that he owed investors approximately four million dollars. He entered a plea of guilty to wire fraud, 18 U.S.C. 1343. The probation officer calculated a Guidelines sentence range of 63-78 months. Brinley presented evidence of depression and argued for downward departure pursuant to U.S.S.G. 5K2.16 for acceptance of responsibility. The court rejected a claim that the offense would not have been detected absent disclosure, concluded that the guidelines failed to capture the severity of the offense, given the number and vulnerability of the victims, the need for deterrence, and the amount of loss, and imposed a sentence of 108 months. The Sixth Circuit affirmed, rejecting arguments that the court failed to notify of intent to vary upward, gave unreasonable weight to certain factors, considered impermissible factors, and imposed an unreasonable sentence. View "United States v. Brinley" on Justia Law

Collins served as a city councilman and vice-mayor of East St. Louis. In 2002 he moved to the suburbs, but continued to use his previous address to vote East St. Louis and to establish residency for election to as precinct committeeman for the Democratic Party. Federal agents checked tax filings to verify his residency and discovered that Collins had not filed federal or state income tax returns for almost two decades. Convicted of multiple counts of tax evasion, willful failure to file tax returns, and voter fraud, he was given a within-guidelines sentence of 50 months. The Seventh Circuit affirmed. The district court used pattern jury instructions for tax evasion, which properly define the required element of willfulness and need no clarification to distinguish tax evasion from negligent failure to file. It is not “remotely plausible” to attribute tax delinquency of almost two decades to negligence. The court properly stated Illinois law regarding requirements for establishing voting residency. The evidence was “easily sufficient” to support the verdict. Collins did not file tax returns, and to hide his income, commingled personal and business accounts, used a false Employer Identification Number, and misappropriated the Social Security Number of his deceased business partner. View "United States v. Collins" on Justia Law

Defendant-Appellant G. Martin Wynn, a professional engineer with the engineering firm of Talbert & Bright, Inc., was convicted of mail fraud and wire fraud, in violation based on his performance of services to Oconee County, South Carolina, in connection with its project to extend the runway at the Oconee County Regional Airport. Instead of procuring a required permit for the runway extension project from the South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental Control ("DHEC"), Defendant cut a valid permit off of an older set of plans prepared for a previous airport project and fraudulently attached that permit to the plans for the runway extension. He then mailed the fraudulently permitted plans to Oconee County and later emailed them to the DHEC. Following his conviction, the district court sentenced Defendant to 12 months and 1 day in prison and ordered him to pay Oconee County $118,000 in restitution. On appeal, Defendant contended that the district court erred in instructing the jury on the mail fraud and wire fraud statutes and that the evidence was insufficient to convict him on the offenses had they been properly presented to the jury. He also challenged the district court’s calculation of the amount of loss found for purposes of sentencing and ordering restitution. Finding no abuse of discretion and that the evidence presented against him was sufficient to support his conviction, the Fourth Circuit affirmed the district court's judgment. View "United State v. Wynn" on Justia Law

Hill and his wife incorporated a tax service business, run out of their apartment, then obtained the names, birth dates, and social security numbers of real individuals and filed approximately 121 false tax returns for the tax year 2005, amounting to approximately $525,460 in false filings. In total, the IRS issued approximately $353,500 in tax refunds, which were electronically transferred to value cards which Hill was able to redeem for cash. Hill pled guilty to conspiracy to defraud the U.S.,18 U.S.C. 286 and one of 20 charged counts of fraud in connection with identity theft, 18 U.S.C. 1028(a)(7) and was sentenced to 92 months in prison. The Seventh Circuit affirmed, finding the sentence reasonable. View "United States v. Hill" on Justia Law

Defendant, a loan officer, recruited buyers to obtain mortgage loans for which they were not qualified by using false information. He was convicted of conspiracy to commit wire fraud and bank fraud, 18 U.S.C. 1349, and bank fraud, 18 U.S.C. 1344. The Second Circuit affirmed. The district court did not err by allowing jurors, after the beginning of jury deliberations and after receiving various cautionary instructions, to take the indictment home to read on their own time. View "United States v. Esso" on Justia Law

Defendant threatened to reveal office gossip that the General Counsel of the New York State Comptroller's Office was having an affair unless the General Counsel recanted a recommendation to the State Comptroller to reject a proposal by defendant's company. He was convicted of attempted extortion of the office under the Hobbs Act, 18 U.S.C. 1951(a), and interstate transmission of extortionate threats in violation of 18 U.S.C. 875(d). The Second Circuit affirmed, rejecting his argument that his conduct did not come within the statutory definition of extortion because he did not "attempt to obtain property" from the General Counsel. View "United States v. Sekhar" on Justia Law

Plaintiff-Appellant Waterford Investment Services, Inc. appealed the district court’s ruling that it must arbitrate certain claims that a group of investors brought before the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA). The investors alleged in their FINRA claims that they received bad advice from their financial advisor, George Gilbert. The investors named Gilbert, his current investment firm, Waterford, and his prior firm, Community Bankers Securities, LLC (CBS), among others as parties to the arbitration. In response, Waterford filed this suit asking a federal district court to enjoin the arbitration proceedings and enter a declaratory judgment that Waterford need not arbitrate the claims. The district court, adopting the recommendations of a magistrate judge, concluded that because Gilbert was an "associated person" of Waterford during the events in question, Waterford must arbitrate the investors' claims. Upon review of the matter, the Fourth Circuit affirmed, finding that Gilbert was inextricably an "associated person" with Waterford, and that the district court did not abuse its discretion in adopting the magistrate judge's opinion. View "Waterford Investment Services v. Bosco" on Justia Law